A National Milestone in Light Pollution Research: Uruguay's Interdisciplinary Approach to ALAN Mitigation

Abstract

Introduction In 2025, Uruguay launched its first Research Group for Light Pollution Studies—a pioneering initiative in the Global South. Backed by Universidad de la República (Udelar), the group links researchers, institutions, and communities to address artificial light at night (ALAN) through science, education, and public policy. This work responds to growing concern over the environmental, cultural, and health impacts of light pollution. Here we outline the group's integrated approach to ALAN mitigation, structured around: (1) ecological and night sky research, (2) community engagement and education, and (3) policy collaboration. Methods (1) Ecological and Night Sky Impact Research - A master’s thesis is assessing ALAN effects on ecological connectivity in South America using satellite data and network theory. - A long-term monitoring program assesses the impact of LED transitions on night sky brightness, combining fixed SQM measurements in Montevideo (in collaboration with the Technical Unit of Public Lighting) and protected areas in Uruguay such as Ambá, Laguna Garzón, and Paso Centurión. - Biodiversity surveys include insect sampling (glue and box traps) and acoustic monitoring to evaluate nocturnal activity under different lighting conditions. (2) Community Engagement and Education- Workshops, talks, and technical advice are delivered to communities and authorities in Rocha, Canelones, and Maldonado. - A participatory process is advancing the designation of Ambá as Uruguay’s first Dark Sky Park. - Educational actions include courses and integration of light pollution content into university programs. (3) Policy and Institutional Collaboration - The group is co-developing Uruguay’s first regulations on light pollution with the governments of Rocha and Montevideo. - Continuous dialogue with decision-makers promotes the inclusion of ALAN in local environmental agendas. - Work with neighbors, private actors, and authorities helps quantify lighting changes and demonstrate measurable improvements in night sky quality. Conclusions This interdisciplinary research initiative demonstrates how ALAN can be addressed through science-based action and collaborative governance. The group provides data, tools, and guidance to support evidence-informed decisions for light pollution mitigation. As a model rooted in the Global South, it helps protect the night as a shared ecological and cultural resource—while also drawing on the expertise of international collaborators and researchers from other world regions.